For example, a is not equal to ấ.Īccented and unaccented versions of letters are considered identical for sorting purposes. Uppercase and lowercase versions of letters are considered identical for sorting purposes.ĭistinguishes between accented and unaccented characters. Lowercase letters sort ahead of their uppercase versions. So for example, Latin1_General_CI_AS is case-insensitive and accent-sensitive.īelow is a quick overview of the options: Option In SQL Server, collation options are specified by appending the options to the collation name. However, if we change the collation to case-sensitive by using the Latin1_General_CS_AI collation, we get the following result: ArtistId ArtistNameĪs mentioned, case-sensitivity is just one of various options when specifying collation. The options associated with a collation are case sensitivity, accent sensitivity, Kana-sensitivity, width sensitivity, variation-selector-sensitivity.Ĭollations are expressed in different ways, depending on the DBMS that you use. The above query returns the following result: ArtistId ArtistName Note that this collation has the letters CI, which stands for case-insensitive. In this case, we use the Latin1_General_CI_AI collation. This query uses the ORDER BY clause to order the results, and it uses the COLLATE clause to specify the collation to be used when ordering those results. ORDER BY ArtistName COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AI Collations can also be specified at the expression level (so you can specify which collation to use when you run a query), and at the identifier level.īelow is a comparison between running a case-sensitive query vs a case-insensitive query in SQL Server. Depending on the DBMS, collation can be specified at the server level, the database level, the table level, and the column level. Collation can also be used to distinguish between various ideographic variation selectors in certain collations (such as the Japanese_Bushu_Kakusu_140 and Japanese_XJIS_140 collations that were introduced in SQL Server 2017).ĭifferent database management systems will provide different collation options. Collation provides the sorting rules, case, and accent sensitivity properties for the data in the database.įor example, when you run a query using the ORDER BY clause, collation determines whether or not uppercase letters and lowercase letters are treated the same.Ĭollation is also used to determine how accents are treated, as well as character width and Japanese kana characters. All the code from this post is available on Github.In database systems, Collation specifies how data is sorted and compared in a database. I recommend you to run for this yourself as a Jupyter Notebook and create your own your Samplers and collate functions. In this tutorial, we're going to dive into some of the details of PyTorch DataLoaders in the hopes of discovering how it works behind the scenes and how we can customise it to our liking. ![]() It has lots of composable abstractions that you can learn about independenlty which neatly layer together to make a powerful, customisable and elegant framework. I believe PyTorch is one of those libraries. The really great libraries allow you to peek behind the curtain at your own pace, slowly revealing the complexity and flexibility within. They hide away some gory details with a little bit of polish and slight of hand that leave the world looking orderly and simple. ![]() In my opinion, the best libraries have an element of magic to them. But at some point, either curiousity will get the better of you or you'll be missing the flexibility you need, and you'll want to try to demystify the sorcery. You can bury your head in the sand and ignore the mysterious methods behind it, all while enjoying the benefits that come from this magic. You can often get away with using something magical.
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